I'm 49 years old. Life long hunter on the east coast. I've been bow hunting for almost 30 years for whitetail. The last 12 years I've been going out west on various hunting trips for Mule Deer, Elk, Moose, Sheep, you name it. Being proficient with a bow all comes down to the range you choose to be proficient in. I have friends that are absolute killers at 30 yards but they would never consider a shot at 50+ yards. Anyone decent enough with good technique can pick up a bow and practice with it after having not done so for awhile and be proficient at 30 yard range.
BUT, if you want to be proficient in killing western game where its a lot more open, you need to be VERY proficient with a bow because most of the time, you're going to be faced with 50+ yard shots. I regularly practice shooting out to 75-100 yards. Luckily where I live, I can achieve this range on my property. However, my usual practice is at 40-50 yards because that's the range that build's confidence which is so important.
So back to your question. You should be able to have a shooting distance proficient at 30 yards where you are grouping arrows inside the diameter of a coke can within a couple of weeks max once your bow is sighted in which is going to take some time in itself adjusting the site until you know its dead on nuts for you. At 30 yards, a small inconsistency in shooting your bow could cost you 2-3 inches. That same inconsistency could be 10-12 inches at 50+ yards. At 100 yards its 2-3 feet. You get my point.
I would love to tell you I practice year round. But I don't. On average, I'd say between February and March I don't even pick up my bow. Come April, I'm usually shaking some rust off. By summer, I'm practicing at least 3-4 times a week taking at least 20 shots a day. there are days where I will take over 100 shots on target, but there's plenty of rest in between because sometimes tiring yourself out pulling 70 lbs back has a negative effect. I rather practice in short spurts and work on form and have productive shooting. Shooting too much can lead to some bad habits because your arms get tired just like anything else. As a comparison, if I was just bow hunting for a range of 30 yards, I wouldn't need as much practice. My friends who are the 30 yard killers, well they may practice 1/10th of the amount of time I do. I have killed two great mule deer out west. The first was 65 yards and the other at 60 yards. I killed my moose at 40 yards. Went sheep hunting last year and never got a shot opportunity of any kind on a legal sheep. Elk hunting you can call them in during bow season, so you don't need necessarily a range above 50+ yards, but it sure as shit helps.
One more thing. Accessorizing a bow to shoot 30 yards is VERY different than accessorizing a bow to shoot 60+. Any single limb speed bow with minimal equipment etc can get the job done at 30 yards. When you start increasing your distance, all of the sudden stability becomes really really important. Heavier and longer bows are usually better for longer ranges than lighter shorter bows. Split limb bows are usually better than single limb bows for long ranges. To get your range out to beyond 50-60 yards, you could end up going through several different set ups as far as sights, stabilizers, quivers, rests, etc. etc. You have to have great equipment to shoot at long range and you usually aren't going to have that equipment on your first purchase. There's going to be a lot of trial and error trying different things or improving things.
If you've ever taken game with a rifle, you know that feeling of accomplishment. Once you do it with a bow, it's really hard to go back. As long as you accept that your percentages are going way down whether you like it or not and you're ok with it, then bow up!